Those
interested in psychology would definitely know Viktor Emil Frankl. He was born
on 26th March 1905 (the day on which Beethoven died) in Vienna,
Austria to middle-class Jewish parents. He died on September 2, 1997 at the age
of 92. He was a man who experienced the horrors of two world wars. It is from
his existential experience in the concentration camps that he developed his
theory of logotherapy. Logotherapy literally means, healing
through meaning. Life is full of meaning. In his book the Doctor and the Soul
he says “It is life itself that asks questions of man. The individual is not
required to question; rather he is questioned by life and has to respond – to
be responsible to life. But the responses that a man gives can only be concrete
responses to concrete “questions in life.” If life is full of meaning, every
moment has meaning. As a pious Jew, he was a believer.
Viktor
Frankl had had an opportunity to escape the horrors of the concentration camps
altogether. Several years before his deportation, he applied for a visa to
emigrate to the United States. In 1941, the American embassy called and told
him to pick up his visa. By then, many Jews had already been taken to
concentration camps. Elderly Jews were being taken first, and Viktor knew his
parents might be called up at any time. He had an important job as chief of
neurology in a hospital. He knew his position might protect him and his parents
from deportation, at least for a while. It was almost certain his mother and
father would be taken eventually, and he knew they would need support and care.
On the other hand, he felt that if he went to America, he would be able to
continue his life’s work – developing logotherapy and making it known
throughout the world. Viktor didn’t know what to do. Looking for an answer, he
walked into St. Stephan’s Cathedral in central Vienna. Although he was Jewish,
he sought out the church as a quiet place where he could look into his heart.
He seated himself in the church. All the time, he asked himself, “should I
leave my parents behind?... should I say goodbye and leave them to their fate?”
he wondered where his grater responsibility lay – in caring for his parents or
in going to America. So he could continue his lifework. He left an hour later
without an answer, thinking, “isn’t this the kind of situation that requires
some hint from heaven?”
When
he got home, Viktor found a piece of marble lying on the table. He father told
him he had found it in the rubble of one of the synagogues near their home.
Nazis and citizens of Vienna had destroyed this and hundreds of other
synagogues and Jewish prayer houses. A single Hebrew letter was engraved on the
marble. Viktor’s father told him that the letter came from one of the Ten
Commandments, the only commandment to use that letter. Viktor was eager to hear
which one it was, and his father told him: “Honor thy father and they mother,
that thy days many be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.”
Viktor felt that this was the sign he was waiting for. He decided to stay with
his parents in Vienna. It was indeed a hint from heaven.
Reflection
- All that we need to do to have a proper direction in life is to seek the meaning of every moment, every situation. Life becomes meaningful when we find that situation and properly respond to it.
- Be a believer. If God is the cause of the universe and the order in it, He is the director. Pay attention to his often silent and subtle suggestions. Pay attention to the hints from heaven.
- A hasty decision might be at times good but it can often serve only the self. But a decision arrived at in silence, questioning, and with proper discernment serves the larger good. Viktor Frankl teaches us to be other-centred, value oriented. One may not see immediate results, may have to suffer for it. But in the long run it turns out to be good.
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